Diagram illustrating the Pixie Dust Wi-Fi attack exploiting WPS protocol weaknesses to recover router PIN and gain unauthorized network access.

The Pixie Dust attack exploits vulnerabilities in the Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) protocol, allowing attackers to extract the router’s WPS PIN offline and access the wireless network. By targeting weak randomization in the router’s nonces during the WPS handshake, attackers can quickly recover the 8-digit PIN in minutes using tools like Reaver and Bully.

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Once the PIN is obtained, attackers can retrieve the WPA2 Pre-Shared Key directly from the router and connect to the network without detection. This flaw bypasses WPS security, though WPA2 itself remains secure. The best defenses are disabling WPS or applying firmware updates that fix nonce randomization issues.

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Millions of routers still have WPS enabled by default, making this attack a serious risk. Users should check their router settings and enable protections like 802.11w to reduce vulnerability.
 
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